DM548 - Computer Architecture and System Programming, 2018
==========================================================

`Course description <https://odinlister.sdu.dk/fagbesk/internkode/DM548/da>`__

Schedule
--------

(`Official schedule <https://mitsdu.sdu.dk/skema/activity/N330005101/e18/e18>`__)

.. _dm548_18_f01s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f01/s01.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f01c:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f01/code/
.. _dm548_18_f02s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f02/s02.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f02c:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f02/code/
.. _dm548_18_f03s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f03/s03.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f05s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f05/s05.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f06s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f06/s06.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f07s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f07/s07.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f09s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f09/s09.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f10s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f10/s10.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f11s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f11/s11.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f12s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f12/s12.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f13s1: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f13/s13_1.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f13s2: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f13/s13_2.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f14s:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f14/s14.pdf

.. _dm548_18_f15s: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f15/s15.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f15c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f15/code/
.. _dm548_18_f16s: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f16/s16.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f17s: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f17/s17.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f17c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f17/code/
.. _dm548_18_f18s: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f18/s18.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f18c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f18/code/
.. _dm548_18_f19s: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f19/s19.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f19c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f19/code/
.. _dm548_18_f20s: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f20/s20.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f20c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f20/code/
.. _dm548_18_f21s: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f21/s21.pdf
.. _dm548_18_f21c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/f21/code/

.. _dm548_18_l01:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l01/l01.pdf
.. _dm548_18_l01c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l01/snippet.s
.. _dm548_18_l02:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l02/l02.pdf
.. _dm548_18_l02c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l02/strlen.s
.. _dm548_18_l03:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l03/l03.pdf
.. _dm548_18_l03c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l03/util.s
.. _dm548_18_l04:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l04/l04.pdf
.. _dm548_18_l05:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l05/l05.pdf
.. _dm548_18_l06:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l06/l06.pdf
.. _dm548_18_l06c: ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/l06/code/

.. _dm548_18_e01:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/e01/e01.pdf
.. _dm548_18_e02:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/e02/e02.pdf
.. _dm548_18_e03:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/e03/e03.pdf
.. _dm548_18_e04:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/e04/e04.pdf
.. _dm548_18_e05:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/e05/e05.pdf
.. _dm548_18_e06:  ../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/e06/e06.pdf


+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Week | Day           | Class | Material                                 | Notes                                                                                                   |
+======+===============+=======+==========================================+=========================================================================================================+
| 36   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Introduction                                                                                            |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f01s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Code   <dm548_18_f01c_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 1, 2                                 |                                                                                                         |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 37   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Assembly                                                                                                |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f02s_>`__,             | (**1 Oct**: slide 24 updated with flags and mode for "``open``")                                        |
|      |               |       | `Code   <dm548_18_f02c_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Part of Ch. 12, 13                       |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | Computer arithmetic                                                                                     |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f03s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 9, 10                                |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue. / Wed.   | L     |                                            (no class)                                                                                              |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                            (no class)                                                                                              |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 38   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Computer arithmetic, continued                                                                          |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | Digital logic                                                                                           |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f05s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 11                                   |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue. / Wed.   | L     |                                          | Introduction to assembly                                                                                |
|      |               |       | `Lab  <dm548_18_l01_>`__,                |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Code <dm548_18_l01c_>`__                |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                            (no class)                                                                                              |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 39   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Top-level view                                                                                          |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f06s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 3                                    |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | L     |                                          | I/O and command line arguments                                                                          |
|      |               |       | `Lab  <dm548_18_l02_>`__,                |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Code <dm548_18_l02c_>`__                |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                          | Computer arithmetic                                                                                     |
|      |               |       | `Exercises <dm548_18_e01_>`__            |                                                                                                         |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 40   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Caches (**15 Oct.**: slides updated)                                                                    |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f07s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 4                                    |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                            (cancelled)                                                                                             |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue. / Wed.   | L     |                                          | More assembly                                                                                           |
|      |               |       | `Lab  <dm548_18_l03_>`__,                |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Code <dm548_18_l03c_>`__                |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                            (no class)                                                                                              |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 41   | Mon.          | F     |                                            (cancelled)                                                                                             |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | Caches, continued                                                                                       |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue. / Wed.   | L     |                                            (cancelled)                                                                                             |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                            (cancelled)                                                                                             |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 42   |               |                                                    (fall break)                                                                                            |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 43   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Internal and external memory                                                                            |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f09s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 5, 6                                 |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue.          | F     |                                          | I/O                                                                                                     |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f10s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 7                                    |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                          | Computer arithmetic and boolean algebra                                                                 |
|      |               |       | `Exercises <dm548_18_e02_>`__            |                                                                                                         |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 44   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Processor structure and pipelining                                                                      |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f11s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 14                                   |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | RISC                                                                                                    |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f12s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 15                                   |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue.          | L     |                                          | SSE                                                                                                     |
|      |               |       | `Lab  <dm548_18_l04_>`__                 |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                          | Cache and memory                                                                                        |
|      |               |       | `Exercises <dm548_18_e03_>`__            |                                                                                                         |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 45   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Superscalar processors. Parallel Processing and Multicore Computers                                     |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f13s1_>`__,            |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 16,                                  |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f13s2_>`__,            |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 17, 18                               |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | Parallel Processing and Multicore Computers, continued. Control unit                                    |
|      |               |       | `Slides <dm548_18_f14s_>`__,             |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | Ch. 20, 21                               |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                          | Remaining exercises and project Q/A                                                                     |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 46   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Control unit, continued                                                                                 |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | Introduction to C                                                                                       |
|      |               |       | `Intro Slides <dm548_18_f15s_>`__,       |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Code   <dm548_18_f15c_>`__              |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                          | I/O, Processor Structure, and RISC                                                                      |
|      |               |       | `Exercises <dm548_18_e04_>`__            |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Sun.          |                                                    **Assignment 1 deadline**                                                                               |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 47   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Introduction to C, continued. I/O in C                                                                  |
|      |               |       | `I/O Slides <dm548_18_f16s_>`__          |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | I/O in C continued, Makefiles, User-defined types                                                       |
|      |               |       | `Makefile Slides <dm548_18_f17s_>`__,    | (**30 Nov.**: Makefile slides and code updated)                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Makefile Code   <dm548_18_f17c_>`__,    |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `UDT Slides <dm548_18_f18s_>`__,         |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `UDT Code   <dm548_18_f18c_>`__          |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue. / Wed.   | L     |                                          | Introduction to C                                                                                       |
|      |               |       | `Lab  <dm548_18_l05_>`__                 |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                          | Superscalar processors and parallel processing                                                          |
|      |               |       | `Exercises <dm548_18_e05_>`__            |                                                                                                         |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 48   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | User-defined types continued, Dynamic memory allocation, Various                                        |
|      |               |       | `Dyn. Mem. Slides <dm548_18_f19s_>`__,   |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Dyn. Mem. Code   <dm548_18_f19c_>`__,   |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Various Slides <dm548_18_f20s_>`__,     |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Various Code   <dm548_18_f20c_>`__      |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Wed.          | F     |                                          | Various continued.                                                                                      |
|      |               |       |                                          |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue. / Wed.   | L     |                                          | A binary search tree in C.                                                                              |
|      |               |       | `Lab  <dm548_18_l06_>`__,                |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Code <dm548_18_l06c_>`__                |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                            (no class)                                                                                              |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 49   | Mon.          | F     |                                          | Libraries                                                                                               |
|      |               |       | `Libraries Slides <dm548_18_f21s_>`__,   |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Libraries Code   <dm548_18_f21c_>`__    |                                                                                                         |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Tue. / Wed.   | L     |                                          | A binary search tree in C, continued.                                                                   |
+      +---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|      | Thu.          | E     |                                          |                                                                                                         |
|      |               |       | `Exercises <dm548_18_e06_>`__            |                                                                                                         |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 50   | Sun.          |                                                    **Assignment 2 deadline**                                                                               |
+------+---------------+-------+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+



Mandatory Assignments
---------------------

Assignment 1: Sorting in Assembly
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

- Project description: `PDF <../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/a01/a01.pdf>`__
- Code snippets: `code <../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/a01/code/>`__
- Deadline: **Sunday 18 November**


Assignment 2: A Dynamic Array in C
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

- Project description: `PDF <../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/a02/a02.pdf>`__
- Code snippets: `code <../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/a02/code/>`__
- Deadline: **Sunday 16 December**


Exam
----

* `Examination dates <https://mitsdu.dk/en/mit_studie/naturvidenskabelige_uddannelser/generel_eksamen/eksamensplan>`__
* The details of the written exam are posted on Blackboard under Course Information and Announcements.
* The exam questions will be in English, but answers may be written in either English or Danish.
* A selection of exam questions from previous years can be found `here <../../_static/teaching/dm548/exam/>`__.
  The filenames refer to the year the course took place, not the year the exam was held.
  The oldest questions are unfortunately only available in Danish.
  Note that not all questions are relevant in the current curriculum.


Teaching Assistants
-------------------

- Caroline Berntsen Knudsen
- Jørn Guldberg


Material
--------

William Stallings: **Computer Organization and Architecture --- Designing for Performance**, Global Edition, 10th edition, Pearson, 2015.


Course Evaluation
-----------------

The course evaluation, without free-text comments, can be found `here <../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/eval.pdf>`__,
and the action plan can be found `here <../../_static/teaching/dm548_18/action.pdf>`__.


Additional Resources
--------------------

* `x86(-64) Instruction Reference <https://www.felixcloutier.com/x86/>`__ (note that the order of operands is the reverse of the AT&T syntax)
* `Table of x86-64 Linux system calls <https://filippo.io/linux-syscall-table/>`__
* `x86 Assembly Wiki book <http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/X86_Assembly>`__

  * `SSE <http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/X86_Assembly/SSE>`__

* `GNU Assembler (GAS) documentation <https://sourceware.org/binutils/docs/as/>`__
* `GNU Debugger (GDB) documentation <https://sourceware.org/gdb/current/onlinedocs/gdb/>`__

  * `TUI <https://sourceware.org/gdb/current/onlinedocs/gdb/TUI.html#TUI>`__
  * `Dashboard <https://github.com/cyrus-and/gdb-dashboard>`__, a prettier and much more advanced interface for GDB.

* `GNU Make documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html>`__

* https://en.wikichip.org

  * `Kaby Lake - Microarchitectures - Intel <https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/intel/microarchitectures/kaby_lake>`__
  * `Ring Interconnect <https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/intel/microarchitectures/sandy_bridge_(client)#Ring_Interconnect>`__ in Intel microarchitectures.
  * `Mesh Interconnect <https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/intel/mesh_interconnect_architecture>`__

* https://wiki.osdev.org
* `Software optimization resources, Agner Fog <https://www.agner.org/optimize/>`__

* https://en.cppreference.com

  * `The C Language <https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/language>`__

* Sanitizers:

  * `GDB and ASan <https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizerAndDebugger>`__

* `Compiler Explorer <https://godbolt.org/>`__
* `A Visualiser of C Execution <http://www.pythontutor.com/c.html>`__
* `Computerphile on Youtube <https://www.youtube.com/user/Computerphile>`__

* Exploits:

  * `PortSmash <https://github.com/bbbrumley/portsmash>`__, snoop on another process in processors with simultaneous multi-threading (SMT), e.g., HyperThreading.